Ana amfani da kayayyakin da aka gama da PVC a masana'antu daban-daban. Kimantawa da gwajin masu daidaita sinadarin calcium zinc na PVC suna buƙatar hanyoyi daban-daban dangane da aikinsu. Gabaɗaya, akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu: tsayayye da tsauri. Hanyar tsaye ta haɗa da hanyar takarda ja ta Congo, gwajin tanda mai tsufa, da hanyar ƙarfin lantarki, yayin da hanyar tsauri ta haɗa da gwajin rheometer mai ƙarfi da gwajin birgima mai ƙarfi.
1. Hanyar Jarrabawar Ja ta Congo
Ta amfani da baho mai mai dauke da glycerol da aka gina a ciki, ana hada PVC din da za a gwada daidai gwargwado da na'urar daidaita zafi sannan a sanya shi a cikin karamin bututun gwaji. Ana girgiza kayan kadan don ya yi tauri, sannan a sanya shi a cikin baho mai. Zafin glycerol a cikin baho mai na'urar daidaita sinadarin calcium zinc na PVC an saita shi a gaba zuwa kimanin 170 ℃, don haka saman saman kayan PVC a cikin karamin bututun gwaji ya daidaita da saman saman glycerol. Sama da karamin bututun gwaji, an saka wani toshe mai siririn bututun gilashi, kuma bututun gilashin ya bayyana daga sama zuwa kasa. Ana birgima takardar gwajin jan Congo kuma a saka shi a karkashin bututun gilashi, don haka gefen takardar gwajin jan Congo ya yi kusan cm nesa da gefen sama na kayan PVC. Bayan gwajin ya fara, rubuta lokacin daga lokacin da aka sanya layin gwajin jan Congo a cikin bututun gwaji zuwa lokacin da ya yi shuɗi, wanda shine lokacin kwanciyar hankali na zafi. Babban ka'idar wannan gwajin ita ce PVC za ta ruɓe da sauri a zafin jiki na kimanin 170 ℃, amma saboda ƙarin na'urar daidaita zafi, ruɓewar sa tana raguwa. Yayin da lokaci ke tafiya, za a cinye na'urar daidaita zafi. Idan aka gama amfani da shi, PVC za ta ruɓe da sauri ta kuma saki iskar HCl. A wannan lokacin, na'urar daidaita zafi ta Congo da ke cikin bututun gwaji za ta canza launi saboda sauƙin amsawarta da HCl. Yi rikodin lokacin a wannan lokacin kuma ka yi la'akari da ingancin na'urar daidaita zafi bisa ga tsawon lokacin.
2. Gwajin tanda mai tsayayye
Shirya samfuran gauraye masu sauri na foda PVC da sauran kayan aikin sarrafawa (kamar man shafawa, masu gyara tasirin, cikawa, da sauransu) ban da masu daidaita sinadarin zinc na PVC. Ɗauki wani adadin samfurin da ke sama, ƙara masu daidaita zafi daban-daban zuwa mai daidaita sinadarin zinc na PVC a wani rabo, a gauraya sosai, sannan a ƙara a cikin cakuda mai sanda biyu.
Ana yin shirye-shiryen gwaje-gwaje a kan mahaɗin ba tare da ƙara masu filastik ba. Ana saita zafin birgima sau biyu a 160-180 ℃, kuma lokacin da ake ƙara masu filastik, zafin birgima gabaɗaya yana kusa da 140 ℃. Ta hanyar danna sanduna biyu akai-akai, ana samun samfurin PVC iri ɗaya, sannan a yanka don samun samfuran PVC na wani girman da ke ɗauke da masu daidaita zafi daban-daban. Sanya sassan gwajin PVC daban-daban a kan na'urar da aka gyara sannan a sanya su a cikin tanda mai ɗorewa (yawanci 180 ℃). Yi rikodin canjin launi na sassan gwajin kowane minti 10 ko minti 15 har sai sun yi baƙi.
Ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen tsufa a cikin tanda, ana iya tantance ingancin masu daidaita zafi akan daidaiton zafi na PVC, musamman ikonsu na danne canje-canjen launi. Gabaɗaya ana tsammanin lokacin da aka dumama PVC, launin zai fuskanci jerin canje-canje daga haske zuwa duhu, gami da farin rawaya launin ruwan kasa baƙi. Ana iya tantance yanayin lalacewa ta hanyar launin PVC na wani lokaci.
3. Hanyar amfani da wutar lantarki (hanyar isar da wutar lantarki)
Na'urar gwaji ta ƙunshi sassa huɗu. Gefen dama na'urar iskar gas ce mai aiki da kanta, wadda galibi tana amfani da nitrogen, amma wani lokacin kuma tana amfani da iska. Bambancin shine lokacin amfani da kariyar nitrogen, na'urar daidaita sinadarin calcium zinc ta PVC na iya guje wa lalacewar sarƙoƙin uwa na PVC wanda iskar oxygen ke haifarwa a cikin iska. Na'urar dumama ta gwaji gabaɗaya tana da wurin wanka mai mai a kusan 180 ℃. Ana sanya cakuda PVC da na'urorin daidaita zafi a cikin wurin wanka mai mai. Lokacin da aka samar da iskar gas ta HCl, zai shiga maganin NaOH a gefen hagu tare da iskar gas mara aiki. NaOH yana shan HCl da sauri, yana sa ƙimar pH na maganin ta canza. Ta hanyar yin rikodin canje-canjen mitar pH akan lokaci, ana iya tantance tasirin na'urorin daidaita zafi daban-daban. A cikin sakamakon gwaji, ana raba lanƙwasa pH t da aka samu ta hanyar sarrafawa zuwa lokacin shigarwa da lokacin girma, kuma tsawon lokacin shigarwa ya bambanta dangane da ingancin na'urar daidaita zafi.
4. rheometer na karfin juyi
Mita mai ƙarfin juyi kayan aiki ne na yau da kullun wanda ke kwaikwayon ainihin aikin PVC. Akwai akwatin sarrafawa a rufe a wajen kayan aikin, kuma za a iya sarrafa zafin akwatin sarrafawa da saurin naɗaɗɗun na'urori guda biyu ta hanyar kwamfuta da aka haɗa da kayan aikin. Yawan kayan da aka ƙara wa na'urar ƙarfin juyi yawanci 60-80 g ne, wanda ya bambanta bisa ga samfuran kayan aiki daban-daban. Matakan gwaji sune kamar haka: shirya masterbatch wanda ke ɗauke da masu daidaita zafi daban-daban a gaba, kuma tsarin masterbatch na asali gabaɗaya ya haɗa da ACR ban da PVC CPE, CaCO3, TiO, Man shafawa, da sauransu. Ana saita ma'aunin ƙarfin juyi zuwa zafin jiki a gaba. Lokacin da ya kai yanayin zafin da aka ƙayyade kuma saurin ya tabbata, ana ƙara cakuda mai aunawa a cikin akwatin sarrafawa, a rufe shi da sauri, kuma ana yin rikodin sigogi daban-daban akan kwamfutar da aka haɗa, wanda shine lanƙwasa rheological. Bayan sarrafawa, ana iya samun fasaloli daban-daban na kayan da aka fitar, kamar fari, ko an samar da shi, santsi, da sauransu. Ta amfani da waɗannan sigogi, ana iya tantance ƙarfin masana'antu na mai daidaita zafi mai dacewa. Mai daidaita zafi mai dacewa ya kamata ya sami lokacin juyi da kuma plasticization mai dacewa, kuma samfurin ya kamata ya kasance mai kyau tare da farin fata mai yawa da kuma santsi. rheometer ɗin juyi ya gina gada mai dacewa tsakanin binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje da kuma samar da kayayyaki a manyan masana'antu.
5. Gwajin birgima mai ƙarfi
A matsayin wani nau'in hanyar taimako don auna tasirin masu daidaita zafi ta hanyar aiki, ana amfani da na'urori masu juyawa biyu masu motsi idan babu rheometer, kuma an zaɓi kayan aiki na matse kwamfutar hannu mai juyawa biyu a cikin gwajin. Ƙara foda mai gauraya mai sauri a ciki sannan a matse shi zuwa siffarsa. A maimaita fitar da samfurin da aka samu. Har sai kayan gwajin ya zama baƙi, a rubuta lokacin da ya ɗauka kafin ya zama baƙi gaba ɗaya, wanda ake kira lokacin baƙi. Don tantance tasirin kwanciyar hankali na zafi na masu daidaita zafi daban-daban akan PVC ta hanyar kwatanta tsawon lokacin baƙi.
Lokacin Saƙo: Yuni-20-2024
