PVC ƙãre kayayyakin da ake amfani a daban-daban masana'antu. Ƙimar da gwaji na PVC calcium zinc stabilizers suna buƙatar hanyoyi daban-daban dangane da aikin su. Gabaɗaya, akwai manyan hanyoyi guda biyu: a tsaye da tsauri. Hanyar a tsaye ta haɗa da hanyar takardar gwajin jajayen Kongo, gwajin tanderu tsufa, da hanyar ƙarfin lantarki, yayin da tsayuwar hanya ta haɗa da gwajin juzu'i mai ƙarfi da gwajin juzu'i biyu.
1. Hanyar Jarabawar Jarabawar Kongo
Yin amfani da wanka mai mai tare da ginanniyar glycerol, PVC ɗin da za a gwada ana haɗe shi daidai da na'urar daidaita zafi kuma a sanya shi cikin ƙaramin bututun gwaji. Ana girgiza kayan dan kadan don tabbatar da shi, sannan a sanya shi a cikin wanka mai mai. An saita zafin jiki na glycerol a cikin wanka mai wanka na alli na zinc a gaba zuwa 170 ℃, don haka saman saman kayan PVC a cikin ƙaramin bututun gwaji yana da matakin saman saman glycerol. Sama da ƙaramin bututun gwaji, an saka filogi tare da bututun gilashin bakin ciki, kuma bututun gilashin yana bayyane daga sama zuwa ƙasa. Ana nada takardar gwajin ja na Kongo kuma an saka shi a ƙasa da bututun gilashi, ta yadda ƙananan gefen takardar gwajin ja na Kongo yana da kusan cm daga gefen babba na kayan PVC. Bayan an fara gwajin, yi rikodin lokacin daga lokacin da aka sanya ɗigon gwajin ja na Kongo a cikin bututun gwajin zuwa lokacin da ya zama shuɗi, wanda shine lokacin kwanciyar hankali na thermal. Mahimmin ka'idar wannan gwaji ita ce PVC za ta rushe da sauri a zafin jiki na kimanin 170 ℃, amma saboda ƙari na mai daidaita zafi, an hana rushewar sa. Yayin da lokaci ya ci gaba, za a cinye mai daidaita zafi. Lokacin da aka cika amfani, PVC zai rushe da sauri kuma ya saki iskar HCl. A wannan lokacin, jan reagent na Kongo a cikin bututun gwajin zai canza launi saboda sauƙin amsawa tare da HCl. Yi rikodin lokacin a wannan lokacin kuma kuyi hukunci akan tasirin mai daidaita zafi dangane da tsawon lokaci.
2. Gwajin tanda a tsaye
Shirya samfuran gauraye masu saurin gaske na foda na PVC da sauran kayan aikin sarrafawa (kamar lubricants, masu gyara tasiri, masu cikawa, da sauransu) ban da PVC calcium zinc stabilizers. Ɗauki ƙayyadaddun adadin samfurin da ke sama, ƙara ma'aunin zafi daban-daban zuwa PVC calcium zinc stabilizer a wani ƙayyadadden rabo, haɗuwa da kyau, sa'an nan kuma ƙara zuwa cakuda sanda biyu.
Shirye-shiryen gwajin gwajin akan mahaɗin ana yin gabaɗaya ba tare da ƙara masu filastik ba. Ana saita zafin jiki na mirgine sau biyu a 160-180 ℃, kuma lokacin da ake ƙara filastik, yawan zafin jiki na yi yana kusa da 140 ℃. Ta hanyar dannawa akai-akai tare da sanduna biyu, ana samun samfurin PVC na yau da kullun, sannan yanke don samun samfuran PVC na wani girman da ke ɗauke da ma'aunin zafi daban-daban. Sanya nau'ikan gwajin PVC daban-daban akan na'urar da aka kafa sannan kuma sanya su a cikin tanda akai-akai (yawanci 180 ℃). Yi rikodin canjin launi na guntun gwajin kowane minti 10 ko minti 15 har sai sun zama baki.
Ta hanyar gwaje-gwajen tsufa na tanda, ana iya ƙayyade tasirin masu daidaita zafi akan kwanciyar hankali na zafin jiki na PVC, musamman ikon su na murƙushe canjin launi. An yi imani da cewa lokacin da aka yi zafi na PVC, launi za ta fuskanci jerin canje-canje daga haske zuwa duhu, ciki har da farar launin rawaya mai launin ruwan kasa. Ana iya ƙayyade yanayin lalacewa ta hanyar launi na PVC a kan wani lokaci.
3. Hanyoyin da za a iya amfani da wutar lantarki (hanyar aiki)
Na'urar gwaji ta ƙunshi sassa huɗu. Gefen dama na'urar iskar iskar gas ce, wacce gabaɗaya tana amfani da nitrogen, amma wani lokacin kuma iska. Bambanci shine cewa lokacin amfani da kariya ta nitrogen, PVC calcium zinc stabilizer zai iya guje wa lalatawar sarƙoƙi na uwar PVC wanda ya haifar da iskar oxygen a cikin iska. Na'urar dumama gwajin gabaɗaya ita ce wankan mai a kusan 180 ℃. Ana sanya cakuda PVC da masu daidaita zafi a cikin wankan mai. Lokacin da aka samar da iskar HCl, zai shiga cikin maganin NaOH a gefen hagu tare da iskar gas mara amfani. NaOH yana ɗaukar HCl da sauri, yana haifar da ƙimar pH na maganin don canzawa. Ta hanyar yin rikodin canje-canjen mita pH akan lokaci, ana iya ƙayyade tasirin masu daidaita zafi daban-daban. A cikin sakamakon gwaji, pH t curve da aka samu ta hanyar sarrafawa ya kasu kashi zuwa lokacin ƙaddamarwa da lokacin girma, kuma tsawon lokacin ƙaddamarwa ya bambanta tare da tasiri na mai daidaita zafi.
4. Rheometer mai ƙarfi
Rheometer mai karfin juzu'i wani kayan aiki ne na yau da kullun wanda ke kwaikwayi ainihin sarrafa PVC. Akwai rufaffiyar akwati a wajen kayan aikin, kuma ana iya sarrafa yanayin zafin akwatin sarrafawa da saurin na'urorin na ciki guda biyu ta hanyar kwamfuta da aka haɗa da kayan aikin. Matsakaicin adadin da aka ƙara zuwa rheometer mai ƙarfi shine gabaɗaya 60-80 g, wanda ya bambanta bisa ga samfuran kayan aiki daban-daban. Matakan gwaji sune kamar haka: shirya masterbatch dauke da daban-daban zafi stabilizers a gaba, da kuma ainihin masterbatch dabara kullum hada da ACR ban da PVC CPE, CaCO3, TiO, Lubricants, da dai sauransu The karfin juyi rheometer an saita zuwa zafin jiki a gaba. Lokacin da ya kai ga yanayin da aka ƙayyade kuma saurin ya tsaya tsayin daka, ana ƙara cakuda da aka auna a cikin akwatin sarrafawa, a rufe da sauri, kuma ana rubuta sigogi daban-daban akan kwamfutar da aka haɗa, wanda shine yanayin rheological. Bayan aiki, ana iya samun siffofi daban-daban na kayan da aka fitar, irin su fari, ko an kafa shi, santsi, da dai sauransu Ta hanyar amfani da waɗannan sigogi, ana iya ƙayyade ƙarfin masana'antu na ma'aunin zafi mai dacewa. A dace zafi stabilizer ya kamata ya dace da karfin juyi da kuma plasticization lokaci, kuma samfurin ya kamata a kafa da kyau tare da babban fari da santsi surface. Ƙwaƙwalwar ƙarfin ƙarfi ta gina gada mai dacewa tsakanin binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje da manyan masana'antu.
5. Gwajin nadi biyu mai ƙarfi
A matsayin nau'in hanyar taimako don auna tasirin zafi mai ƙarfi, ana amfani da rollers biyu masu ƙarfi idan babu rheometer, kuma an zaɓi kayan aikin latsawa na nadi biyu a cikin gwaji. Ƙara gauraye foda mai sauri a ciki sannan a danna shi zuwa siffa. Yi maimaita fitar da samfurin da aka samu. Har sai yanki na gwajin ya zama baki, rubuta lokacin da zai ɗauka gaba ɗaya ya zama baki, wanda ake kira lokacin baƙar fata. Don ƙayyade tasirin kwanciyar hankali na thermal na ma'aunin zafi daban-daban akan PVC ta hanyar kwatanta tsawon lokacin baƙar fata.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-20-2024
